import imp
try:
    imp.find_module('pandas')
    import pandas as pd
    pandas=True
except ImportError:
    print 'Install pandas to have method 3'
    pandas=False
    
class Bunch(object):
    def __init__(self, adict):
        self.__dict__.update(adict)
        
datapar={"MH0": 53., "MH":125.3, "MA0":120., "MH1":130., "La2":0.01, 
         "LaL":0.001, "Mtr01": 91., "Mtr02": 92., "Mtr03": 93,"Mtrch1": 91.8, 
         "Mtrch2": 92.8, "Mtrch3": 93.8, "y11R": 0.0, "y12R": 0.0, "y13R": 0.0, 
         "y21R": 0.0, "y22R": 0.0, "y23R": 0.0, "y31R": 0.0, "y32R": 0.0, 
         "y33R": 0.0, "y11I": 0.0, "y12I": 0.0, "y13I": 0.0, "y21I": 0.0, 
         "y22I": 0.0, "y23I": 0.0, "y31I": 0.0, "y32I": 0.0, "y33I": 0.0}
SM={'vev':246.0,'alpha_em':1.0/128.,'G_F':1.166e-5,'m_e':0.000511,'m_mu':0.1057,'m_tau':1.777}

#Method 1: definiing name spaces
sm=Bunch(SM)
dp=Bunch(datapar)

print 'Method 1, namespace:',sm.m_e,dp.MH1
#Method 2: using the names directly

for key,val in SM.items():
        exec(key + '=val')
        
for key,val in datapar.items():
        exec(key + '=val')
    
print 'Method 2, directly:',m_e,MH1

#Method 3: Pandas: keep both dictionaries and variables
if pandas:
    ds=pd.Series(datapar)
    ds.MH1=140.
    print 'Method 3, Pandas, keep both var and key:',ds.MH1,ds['MH1']

def foo(a, b, c, d):
  print a, b, c, d
l = [0, 1]
d = {"d":3, "c":2}

foo(*l, **d)

0 1 2 3

>>> def testd(stu_func,*args,**kwargs):
>>>     print 'len',len(args)
>>>     for arg in args:
>>>         print arg
>>>     if kwargs is not None:
>>>         for key, value in kwargs.iteritems():
>>>             print "%s == %s" %(key,value)
>>>         if 'vev' in kwargs.keys():
>>>             print 'vev found'
>>>     newargs=[10,20,0.1,2]
>>>     a=stu_func(*newargs,**kwargs)
>>>     print a
>>>
>>> testd(stu.stu,[MN],[MDF],[np.sqrt(lu**2+ld**2)],[lu/ld],vev=246.2)
----------
len 4
[30.0]
[100.0]
[1.5033296378372907]
[0.06666666666666667]
vev == 246.2
vev found
0.000884960384761

>>> def testd(stu_func,args=[],kwargs={}):
>>>     print 'len',len(args)
>>>     for arg in args:
>>>         print arg
>>>     if kwargs is not None:
>>>         for key, value in kwargs.iteritems():
>>>             print "%s == %s" %(key,value)
>>>         if 'vev' in kwargs.keys():
>>>             print 'vev found'
>>>     newargs=np.array([10,20,0.1,2])
>>>     a=stu_func(*newargs,**kwargs)
>>>     print a
>>> 
>>> testd(stu.stu,args=[[MN],[MDF],[np.sqrt(lu**2+ld**2)],[lu/ld]],kwargs={'vev':246.2})
---------------------
len 4
[30.0]
[100.0]
[1.5033296378372907]
[0.06666666666666667]
vev == 246.2
vev found
0.000884960384761

sudo  python setup.py install --record install.record

sudo rm $(cat install.record)

>>> # regular unsorted dictionary
>>> d = {'banana': 3, 'apple':4, 'pear': 1, 'orange': 2}

>>> # dictionary sorted by key
>>> OrderedDict(sorted(d.items(), key=lambda t: t[0]))
OrderedDict([('apple', 4), ('banana', 3), ('orange', 2), ('pear', 1)])

>>> # dictionary sorted by value
>>> OrderedDict(sorted(d.items(), key=lambda t: t[1]))
OrderedDict([('pear', 1), ('orange', 2), ('banana', 3), ('apple', 4)])

>>> # dictionary sorted by length of the key string
>>> OrderedDict(sorted(d.items(), key=lambda t: len(t[0])))
OrderedDict([('pear', 1), ('apple', 4), ('orange', 2), ('banana', 3)])

<strong>
<div class="record_body">
<a class = "titlelink" href= "/record/903906">
Antioquia U.
</a> 
</strong>
<br />
<small>
Universidad de Antioquia, Instituto de Fisica, Grupo de Fenomenologia, de Interacciones Fundamentales, P.O. Box 1226, Medellin, COLOMBIA<br />
<a href="http://fisica.udea.edu.co/">http://fisica.udea.edu.co/</a><br />
<span class='moreinfo'><a href="/search?p=%22Antioquia%20U.%22&amp;f=affiliation">158 Papers from Antioquia U.</a></span>
</small>
</div>

soup.findAll("div", { "class" : "record_body" })

soup.findAll("a", { "class" : "titlelink" })

class A(object):
class A(object):
    '''
    object allow to pass __init__ to child objects
    >>> a = A()
        init
    >>> a()
        call
    '''
    classvar='Allows to use A.classvar directly! (without instance)'
    def __init__(self):
        self.var='value' #Only defined after instance is created; i=A() -> A.var
        print("init...")
    def __call__(self,x):
        print("call:")
        return x
    def __setitem__(self,k,v):
        '''See: http://www.diveintopython.net/object_oriented_framework/special_class_methods.html'''
        print({k:v})

o=A()
print o(1.1)
o['a']=1
>>>>OUTPUT<<<<<
init...
call:
1.1
{'a': 1}

class Parent(object):
    classfoobar='Hello'
    def __init__(self):
        self.foobar = ' world'

class Child(Parent):
    classfoobar = Parent.classfoobar + ' cruel'
    def __init__(self):
        super(Child, self).__init__()
        self.foobar=self.classfoobar+self.foobar

>>> Parent.classfoobar
'Hello'
>>> P=Parent()
>>> P.foobar
' world'
>>> Child.classfoobar
'Hello cruel'
>>> C=Child()
>>> C.foobar
'Hello cruel world'

class hkdict(dict):
    def __init__(self,*args, **kwargs):
        super(hkdict, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
    def has_key(self,k):
        return k in self
#============
>>> hkdict(python3_dict).has_key('hola mundo')

class Person(object):
    def greet(self):
        print "Hello"

class Waiter(Person):
    def greet(self):
        super(Waiter,self).greet()
        print "Would you like fries with that?"

# pip install pyslha

#The order matters
spcskel='''
block modsel
block smin{CODE(colors="python")}def grep(pattern,multilinestring):
    '''Grep replacement in python
    as in: $ echo $multilinestring | grep pattern
    dev: re.M is for multiline strings
    '''
    import re 
    grp=re.finditer('(.*)%s(.*)' %pattern, multilinestring,re.M)
    return '\n'.join([g.group(0) for g in grp])

multilinestring='From Here\nto Eternity\nto Infinity'
print grep('^to',multilinestring)
=======
to Eternity
to Infinity{CODE}puts
block minpar
block sphenoinput
'''
LHA=pyslha.readSLHA(spcskel,ignorenobr=True,ignorenomass=True).blocks

commands.getoutput('command --options args')

subprocess.Popen('command --options args',shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()

subprocess.Popen('ls file*',shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()

subprocess.Popen('command --options args'.split(),stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()

class subproccess_to_commands(object):
    '''
    Compatibility class for python 2 commands module
    intialize as:
    commands=subproccess_to_commands()
    USAGE after inizialization:
    commands.getoutput("command")
    '''
    import subprocess
    def getoutput(self,*args,**kargs):
        o,e=subprocess.Popen(*args,shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stderr=subprocess.PIPE,**kargs).communicate()
        if o:
            return o.decode('utf8').strip()
        else:
            return e.decode('utf8').strip()

def execute(*args,**kwargs):        
    kwargs['stdout']=subprocess.PIPE
    kwargs['bufsize']=1
    kwargs['universal_newlines']=True
   
    with subprocess.Popen(*args,**kwargs) as p:
        for line in p.stdout:
            print(line, end='') # process line here
    
    if p.returncode != 0:
        raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(p.returncode, p.args)

execute('for i in $(seq 1 3);do echo $i; sleep 1;done',shell=True)

pip3 install nose

nosetests example_test.py